‘I made one great mistake in my life – when I signed the letter to President Roosevelt recommending that atom bombs be made; but there was some justification – the danger that the Germans would make them.’ – Albert Einstein in 1954, about a letter he wrote to the President in 1939.

The stalled US–Iran negotiations on Tehran’s nuclear program and President Donald Trump’s announcement of a US-Saudi nuclear agreement have put nuclear weapons back in the spotlight.

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In October 2022, Biden administration officials feared that Russia might use a nuclear weapon in Ukraine. For more than a decade prior, Western strategists had debated whether Russia’s nuclear strategy included an option to “escalate to deescalate” a conflict using a nuclear weapon.

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We are on the cusp of a potential era of increased nuclear proliferation.  We have been assessing “Who’s Next” and looking for innovative ways to stop further proliferation.  It is clear that traditional approaches are not adequate.  Is the U.S./Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Peaceful Nuclear Cooperation Agreement a new approach to stop proliferation or is it a proliferation-prone mistake? 

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A key question remains over the landmark U.S.-Saudi nuclear deal announced with much fanfare on July 22, 2026: Will it allow a nation long suspected of having nuclear weapons ambitions to enrich uranium?

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On July 13, President Trump made it clear that the nuclear-related Pickaxe mountain facility is on the U.S. target list. In an interview on the Hugh Hewitt show, the President stated, “We have eyes on it and Pickaxe mountain is a possible target for a nice big fat shot right in the front door…We’re watching Pickaxe Mountain very closely. We don’t see any activity there.” Trump finished the interview with a more definitive statement: “We’re going to take out Pickaxe Mountain.

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